Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	12
Number of observations	205
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	19.3 KiB
Average record size in memory	96.6 B

Variable types

Categorical	1
Numeric	11

Alerts

`name` has a high cardinality: 147 distinct values	High cardinality
`wheelbase` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 7 other fields	High correlation
`carlength` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`carwidth` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`curbweight` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`cylindernumber` is highly correlated with `curbweight` and 5 other fields	High correlation
`enginesize` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`boreratio` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`horsepower` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`citympg` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`highwaympg` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`price` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`wheelbase` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 5 other fields	High correlation
`carlength` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`carwidth` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`curbweight` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`cylindernumber` is highly correlated with `carwidth` and 4 other fields	High correlation
`enginesize` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`boreratio` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 7 other fields	High correlation
`horsepower` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`citympg` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 7 other fields	High correlation
`highwaympg` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`price` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`wheelbase` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`carlength` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 6 other fields	High correlation
`carwidth` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 6 other fields	High correlation
`curbweight` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 7 other fields	High correlation
`enginesize` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 6 other fields	High correlation
`horsepower` is highly correlated with `curbweight` and 4 other fields	High correlation
`citympg` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 6 other fields	High correlation
`highwaympg` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 6 other fields	High correlation
`price` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 7 other fields	High correlation
`wheelbase` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`carlength` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`carwidth` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`curbweight` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`cylindernumber` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`enginesize` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`boreratio` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`horsepower` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`citympg` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`highwaympg` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`price` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`name` is uniformly distributed	Uniform

Reproduction

Analysis started	2022-09-07 17:42:45.983876
Analysis finished	2022-09-07 17:43:07.224481
Duration	21.24 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v3.2.0
Download configuration	config.json

name
Categorical

HIGH CARDINALITY
UNIFORM

Distinct	147
Distinct (%)	71.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

toyota corona	6
toyota corolla	6
peugeot 504	6
subaru dl	4
mitsubishi mirage g4	3
Other values (142)	180

Length

Max length	31
Median length	24
Mean length	14.14634146
Min length	6

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	2900
Distinct characters	46
Distinct categories	7 ?
Distinct scripts	2 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	109 ?
Unique (%)	53.2%

Sample

1st row	alfa-romero giulia
2nd row	alfa-romero stelvio
3rd row	alfa-romero Quadrifoglio
4th row	audi 100 ls
5th row	audi 100ls

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
toyota corona	6	2.9%
toyota corolla	6	2.9%
peugeot 504	6	2.9%
subaru dl	4	2.0%
mitsubishi mirage g4	3	1.5%
mazda 626	3	1.5%
toyota mark ii	3	1.5%
mitsubishi outlander	3	1.5%
mitsubishi g4	3	1.5%
honda civic	3	1.5%
Other values (137)	165	80.5%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
toyota	31	6.4%
nissan	18	3.7%
mazda	15	3.1%
mitsubishi	13	2.7%
honda	13	2.7%
corolla	12	2.5%
subaru	12	2.5%
peugeot	11	2.3%
volvo	11	2.3%
sw	10	2.0%
Other values (167)	342	70.1%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	285	9.8%
a	259	8.9%
o	243	8.4%
t	167	5.8%
e	158	5.4%
s	153	5.3%
i	147	5.1%
l	138	4.8%
r	133	4.6%
c	126	4.3%
Other values (36)	1091	37.6%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Lowercase Letter	2384	82.2%
Space Separator	285	9.8%
Decimal Number	179	6.2%
Close Punctuation	13	0.4%
Dash Punctuation	13	0.4%
Open Punctuation	13	0.4%
Uppercase Letter	13	0.4%

Most frequent character per category

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	259	10.9%
o	243	10.2%
t	167	7.0%
e	158	6.6%
s	153	6.4%
i	147	6.2%
l	138	5.8%
r	133	5.6%
c	126	5.3%
u	126	5.3%
Other values (15)	734	30.8%

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	44	24.6%
4	37	20.7%
1	23	12.8%
2	21	11.7%
5	18	10.1%
9	12	6.7%
6	12	6.7%
3	10	5.6%
7	2	1.1%

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
M	4	30.8%
D	3	23.1%
U	1	7.7%
X	1	7.7%
Q	1	7.7%
V	1	7.7%
C	1	7.7%
N	1	7.7%

Space Separator

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	285	100.0%

Close Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
)	13	100.0%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	13	100.0%

Open Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
(	13	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	2397	82.7%
Common	503	17.3%

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	259	10.8%
o	243	10.1%
t	167	7.0%
e	158	6.6%
s	153	6.4%
i	147	6.1%
l	138	5.8%
r	133	5.5%
c	126	5.3%
u	126	5.3%
Other values (23)	747	31.2%

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	285	56.7%
0	44	8.7%
4	37	7.4%
1	23	4.6%
2	21	4.2%
5	18	3.6%
)	13	2.6%
-	13	2.6%
(	13	2.6%
9	12	2.4%
Other values (3)	24	4.8%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	2900	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	285	9.8%
a	259	8.9%
o	243	8.4%
t	167	5.8%
e	158	5.4%
s	153	5.3%
i	147	5.1%
l	138	4.8%
r	133	4.6%
c	126	4.3%
Other values (36)	1091	37.6%

wheelbase
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	53
Distinct (%)	25.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	98.75658537

Minimum	86.6
Maximum	120.9
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	86.6
5-th percentile	93.02
Q1	94.5
median	97
Q3	102.4
95-th percentile	110
Maximum	120.9
Range	34.3
Interquartile range (IQR)	7.9

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	6.021775685
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.06097594062
Kurtosis	1.017038946
Mean	98.75658537
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2.7
Skewness	1.050213776
Sum	20245.1
Variance	36.2617824
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
94.5	21	10.2%
93.7	20	9.8%
95.7	13	6.3%
96.5	8	3.9%
97.3	7	3.4%
98.4	7	3.4%
104.3	6	2.9%
100.4	6	2.9%
107.9	6	2.9%
98.8	6	2.9%
Other values (43)	105	51.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
86.6	2	1.0%
88.4	1	0.5%
88.6	2	1.0%
89.5	3	1.5%
91.3	2	1.0%
93	1	0.5%
93.1	5	2.4%
93.3	1	0.5%
93.7	20	9.8%
94.3	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
120.9	1	0.5%
115.6	2	1.0%
114.2	4	2.0%
113	2	1.0%
112	1	0.5%
110	3	1.5%
109.1	5	2.4%
108	1	0.5%
107.9	6	2.9%
106.7	1	0.5%

carlength
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	75
Distinct (%)	36.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	174.0492683

Minimum	141.1
Maximum	208.1
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	141.1
5-th percentile	157.14
Q1	166.3
median	173.2
Q3	183.1
95-th percentile	196.36
Maximum	208.1
Range	67
Interquartile range (IQR)	16.8

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	12.33728853
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.0708838862
Kurtosis	-0.08289485345
Mean	174.0492683
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	6.9
Skewness	0.1559537713
Sum	35680.1
Variance	152.2086882
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
157.3	15	7.3%
188.8	11	5.4%
171.7	7	3.4%
186.7	7	3.4%
166.3	7	3.4%
165.3	6	2.9%
177.8	6	2.9%
176.2	6	2.9%
186.6	6	2.9%
172	5	2.4%
Other values (65)	129	62.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
141.1	1	0.5%
144.6	2	1.0%
150	3	1.5%
155.9	3	1.5%
156.9	1	0.5%
157.1	1	0.5%
157.3	15	7.3%
157.9	1	0.5%
158.7	3	1.5%
158.8	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
208.1	1	0.5%
202.6	2	1.0%
199.6	2	1.0%
199.2	1	0.5%
198.9	4	2.0%
197	1	0.5%
193.8	1	0.5%
192.7	3	1.5%
191.7	1	0.5%
190.9	2	1.0%

carwidth
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	44
Distinct (%)	21.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	65.90780488

Minimum	60.3
Maximum	72.3
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	60.3
5-th percentile	63.6
Q1	64.1
median	65.5
Q3	66.9
95-th percentile	70.46
Maximum	72.3
Range	12
Interquartile range (IQR)	2.8

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.145203853
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.03254855562
Kurtosis	0.7027642441
Mean	65.90780488
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.4
Skewness	0.9040034988
Sum	13511.1
Variance	4.60189957
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=44)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
63.8	24	11.7%
66.5	23	11.2%
65.4	15	7.3%
63.6	11	5.4%
64.4	10	4.9%
68.4	10	4.9%
64	9	4.4%
65.5	8	3.9%
65.2	7	3.4%
64.2	6	2.9%
Other values (34)	82	40.0%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
60.3	1	0.5%
61.8	1	0.5%
62.5	1	0.5%
63.4	1	0.5%
63.6	11	5.4%
63.8	24	11.7%
63.9	3	1.5%
64	9	4.4%
64.1	2	1.0%
64.2	6	2.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
72.3	1	0.5%
72	1	0.5%
71.7	3	1.5%
71.4	3	1.5%
70.9	1	0.5%
70.6	1	0.5%
70.5	1	0.5%
70.3	3	1.5%
69.6	2	1.0%
68.9	4	2.0%

curbweight
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	171
Distinct (%)	83.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	2555.565854

Minimum	1488
Maximum	4066
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1488
5-th percentile	1901
Q1	2145
median	2414
Q3	2935
95-th percentile	3503
Maximum	4066
Range	2578
Interquartile range (IQR)	790

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	520.6802035
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2037436064
Kurtosis	-0.0428537661
Mean	2555.565854
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	386
Skewness	0.6813981891
Sum	523891
Variance	271107.8743
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2385	4	2.0%
1918	3	1.5%
2275	3	1.5%
1989	3	1.5%
2410	2	1.0%
2191	2	1.0%
2535	2	1.0%
2024	2	1.0%
2414	2	1.0%
4066	2	1.0%
Other values (161)	180	87.8%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1488	1	0.5%
1713	1	0.5%
1819	1	0.5%
1837	1	0.5%
1874	2	1.0%
1876	2	1.0%
1889	1	0.5%
1890	1	0.5%
1900	1	0.5%
1905	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4066	2	1.0%
3950	1	0.5%
3900	1	0.5%
3770	1	0.5%
3750	1	0.5%
3740	1	0.5%
3715	1	0.5%
3685	1	0.5%
3515	1	0.5%
3505	1	0.5%

cylindernumber
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	7
Distinct (%)	3.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	4.380487805

Minimum	2
Maximum	12
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	2
5-th percentile	4
Q1	4
median	4
Q3	4
95-th percentile	6
Maximum	12
Range	10
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.080853764
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2467427857
Kurtosis	13.71486634
Mean	4.380487805
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	2.817459025
Sum	898
Variance	1.168244859
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=7)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	159	77.6%
6	24	11.7%
5	11	5.4%
8	5	2.4%
2	4	2.0%
3	1	0.5%
12	1	0.5%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	4	2.0%
3	1	0.5%
4	159	77.6%
5	11	5.4%
6	24	11.7%
8	5	2.4%
12	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
12	1	0.5%
8	5	2.4%
6	24	11.7%
5	11	5.4%
4	159	77.6%
3	1	0.5%
2	4	2.0%

enginesize
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	44
Distinct (%)	21.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	126.9073171

Minimum	61
Maximum	326
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	61
5-th percentile	90
Q1	97
median	120
Q3	141
95-th percentile	201.2
Maximum	326
Range	265
Interquartile range (IQR)	44

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	41.64269344
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3281346923
Kurtosis	5.305682092
Mean	126.9073171
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	23
Skewness	1.947655045
Sum	26016
Variance	1734.113917
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=44)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
122	15	7.3%
92	15	7.3%
97	14	6.8%
98	14	6.8%
108	13	6.3%
90	12	5.9%
110	12	5.9%
109	8	3.9%
120	7	3.4%
141	7	3.4%
Other values (34)	88	42.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
61	1	0.5%
70	3	1.5%
79	1	0.5%
80	1	0.5%
90	12	5.9%
91	5	2.4%
92	15	7.3%
97	14	6.8%
98	14	6.8%
103	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
326	1	0.5%
308	1	0.5%
304	1	0.5%
258	2	1.0%
234	2	1.0%
209	3	1.5%
203	1	0.5%
194	3	1.5%
183	4	2.0%
181	6	2.9%

boreratio
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	38
Distinct (%)	18.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	3.329756098

Minimum	2.54
Maximum	3.94
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	2.54
5-th percentile	2.97
Q1	3.15
median	3.31
Q3	3.58
95-th percentile	3.78
Maximum	3.94
Range	1.4
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.43

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.2708437054
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.08134040377
Kurtosis	-0.7850418332
Mean	3.329756098
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.26
Skewness	0.0201564181
Sum	682.6
Variance	0.07335631277
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=38)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3.62	23	11.2%
3.19	20	9.8%
3.15	15	7.3%
3.03	12	5.9%
2.97	12	5.9%
3.46	9	4.4%
3.31	8	3.9%
3.43	8	3.9%
3.78	8	3.9%
3.27	7	3.4%
Other values (28)	83	40.5%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.54	1	0.5%
2.68	1	0.5%
2.91	7	3.4%
2.92	1	0.5%
2.97	12	5.9%
2.99	1	0.5%
3.01	5	2.4%
3.03	12	5.9%
3.05	6	2.9%
3.08	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3.94	2	1.0%
3.8	2	1.0%
3.78	8	3.9%
3.76	1	0.5%
3.74	3	1.5%
3.7	5	2.4%
3.63	2	1.0%
3.62	23	11.2%
3.61	1	0.5%
3.6	1	0.5%

horsepower
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	59
Distinct (%)	28.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	104.1170732

Minimum	48
Maximum	288
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	48
5-th percentile	62
Q1	70
median	95
Q3	116
95-th percentile	180.8
Maximum	288
Range	240
Interquartile range (IQR)	46

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	39.54416681
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3798048255
Kurtosis	2.68400616
Mean	104.1170732
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	25
Skewness	1.405310154
Sum	21344
Variance	1563.741129
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
68	19	9.3%
70	11	5.4%
69	10	4.9%
116	9	4.4%
110	8	3.9%
95	7	3.4%
114	6	2.9%
160	6	2.9%
101	6	2.9%
62	6	2.9%
Other values (49)	117	57.1%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
48	1	0.5%
52	2	1.0%
55	1	0.5%
56	2	1.0%
58	1	0.5%
60	1	0.5%
62	6	2.9%
64	1	0.5%
68	19	9.3%
69	10	4.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
288	1	0.5%
262	1	0.5%
207	3	1.5%
200	1	0.5%
184	2	1.0%
182	3	1.5%
176	2	1.0%
175	1	0.5%
162	2	1.0%
161	2	1.0%

citympg
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	29
Distinct (%)	14.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	25.2195122

Minimum	13
Maximum	49
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	13
5-th percentile	16
Q1	19
median	24
Q3	30
95-th percentile	37
Maximum	49
Range	36
Interquartile range (IQR)	11

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	6.542141653
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2594079379
Kurtosis	0.5786483405
Mean	25.2195122
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	5
Skewness	0.6637040288
Sum	5170
Variance	42.79961741
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=29)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
31	28	13.7%
19	27	13.2%
24	22	10.7%
27	14	6.8%
17	13	6.3%
26	12	5.9%
23	12	5.9%
21	8	3.9%
25	8	3.9%
30	8	3.9%
Other values (19)	53	25.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
13	1	0.5%
14	2	1.0%
15	3	1.5%
16	6	2.9%
17	13	6.3%
18	3	1.5%
19	27	13.2%
20	3	1.5%
21	8	3.9%
22	4	2.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
49	1	0.5%
47	1	0.5%
45	1	0.5%
38	7	3.4%
37	6	2.9%
36	1	0.5%
35	1	0.5%
34	1	0.5%
33	1	0.5%
32	1	0.5%

highwaympg
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	30
Distinct (%)	14.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	30.75121951

Minimum	16
Maximum	54
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	16
5-th percentile	22
Q1	25
median	30
Q3	34
95-th percentile	42.8
Maximum	54
Range	38
Interquartile range (IQR)	9

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	6.886443131
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2239404889
Kurtosis	0.4400703815
Mean	30.75121951
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	5
Skewness	0.5399971879
Sum	6304
Variance	47.423099
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=30)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
25	19	9.3%
38	17	8.3%
24	17	8.3%
30	16	7.8%
32	16	7.8%
34	14	6.8%
37	13	6.3%
28	13	6.3%
29	10	4.9%
33	9	4.4%
Other values (20)	61	29.8%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
16	2	1.0%
17	1	0.5%
18	2	1.0%
19	2	1.0%
20	2	1.0%
22	8	3.9%
23	7	3.4%
24	17	8.3%
25	19	9.3%
26	3	1.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
54	1	0.5%
53	1	0.5%
50	1	0.5%
47	2	1.0%
46	2	1.0%
43	4	2.0%
42	3	1.5%
41	3	1.5%
39	2	1.0%
38	17	8.3%

price
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	189
Distinct (%)	92.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	13276.71057

Minimum	5118
Maximum	45400
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	5118
5-th percentile	6197
Q1	7788
median	10295
Q3	16503
95-th percentile	32472.4
Maximum	45400
Range	40282
Interquartile range (IQR)	8715

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	7988.852332
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6017192504
Kurtosis	3.051647871
Mean	13276.71057
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3306
Skewness	1.777678156
Sum	2721725.667
Variance	63821761.58
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
8921	2	1.0%
9279	2	1.0%
7898	2	1.0%
8916.5	2	1.0%
7775	2	1.0%
8845	2	1.0%
7295	2	1.0%
7609	2	1.0%
6692	2	1.0%
6229	2	1.0%
Other values (179)	185	90.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5118	1	0.5%
5151	1	0.5%
5195	1	0.5%
5348	1	0.5%
5389	1	0.5%
5399	1	0.5%
5499	1	0.5%
5572	2	1.0%
6095	1	0.5%
6189	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
45400	1	0.5%
41315	1	0.5%
40960	1	0.5%
37028	1	0.5%
36880	1	0.5%
36000	1	0.5%
35550	1	0.5%
35056	1	0.5%
34184	1	0.5%
34028	1	0.5%

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

First rows

	name	wheelbase	carlength	carwidth	curbweight	cylindernumber	enginesize	boreratio	horsepower	citympg	highwaympg	price
0	alfa-romero giulia	88.6	168.8	64.1	2548	4	130	3.47	111	21	27	13495.000
1	alfa-romero stelvio	88.6	168.8	64.1	2548	4	130	3.47	111	21	27	16500.000
2	alfa-romero Quadrifoglio	94.5	171.2	65.5	2823	6	152	2.68	154	19	26	16500.000
3	audi 100 ls	99.8	176.6	66.2	2337	4	109	3.19	102	24	30	13950.000
4	audi 100ls	99.4	176.6	66.4	2824	5	136	3.19	115	18	22	17450.000
5	audi fox	99.8	177.3	66.3	2507	5	136	3.19	110	19	25	15250.000
6	audi 100ls	105.8	192.7	71.4	2844	5	136	3.19	110	19	25	17710.000
7	audi 5000	105.8	192.7	71.4	2954	5	136	3.19	110	19	25	18920.000
8	audi 4000	105.8	192.7	71.4	3086	5	131	3.13	140	17	20	23875.000
9	audi 5000s (diesel)	99.5	178.2	67.9	3053	5	131	3.13	160	16	22	17859.167

Last rows

	name	wheelbase	carlength	carwidth	curbweight	cylindernumber	enginesize	boreratio	horsepower	citympg	highwaympg	price
195	volvo 144ea	104.3	188.8	67.2	3034	4	141	3.78	114	23	28	13415.0
196	volvo 244dl	104.3	188.8	67.2	2935	4	141	3.78	114	24	28	15985.0
197	volvo 245	104.3	188.8	67.2	3042	4	141	3.78	114	24	28	16515.0
198	volvo 264gl	104.3	188.8	67.2	3045	4	130	3.62	162	17	22	18420.0
199	volvo diesel	104.3	188.8	67.2	3157	4	130	3.62	162	17	22	18950.0
200	volvo 145e (sw)	109.1	188.8	68.9	2952	4	141	3.78	114	23	28	16845.0
201	volvo 144ea	109.1	188.8	68.8	3049	4	141	3.78	160	19	25	19045.0
202	volvo 244dl	109.1	188.8	68.9	3012	6	173	3.58	134	18	23	21485.0
203	volvo 246	109.1	188.8	68.9	3217	6	145	3.01	106	26	27	22470.0
204	volvo 264gl	109.1	188.8	68.9	3062	4	141	3.78	114	19	25	22625.0

Overview

Variables

Common Values

Length

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Lowercase Letter

Decimal Number

Uppercase Letter

Space Separator

Close Punctuation

Dash Punctuation

Open Punctuation

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Interactions

Correlations

Spearman's ρ

Pearson's r

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows